Systems Analysis & Design - Systems Development

Systems Development

Foundations for Systems Development

The concept of systems development

A modern approach to system analysis and design

System Analyst in System Development

Types of Information System and System development

System development life cycle

Skills required of a system analyst

Systems Analysis and Design
A complex, challenging, and stimulating organizational process that a team of business and systems professionals uses to develop and maintain computer-based information systems.

The concept of systems development

information system and design

application software

software engineering processes

methodologies

techniques

tools

A Modern Approach to System Analysis and Design

Separating data and processes that handle data

3 components of IS :
i. Data
ii. Data flow
iii. Processing logic
* Process-oriented approach v.s.
data-oriented approach

Separating databases and applications database?

Application independence

Team:
1. IS manager
2. system analyst(SA)
3. programmers
4. end-users
5. supporting end-user
6. business managers
7. other IS Managers/Technicians

SA in System Development
Systems Analyst
"the key individuals in the systems development process"
Skills required :
1. Analytical skills
2. Technical skills
3. Management skills
4. Interpersonal skills

Skills Required for SA
Technical Skills
understands the potential and the limitations of IT
Management Skills

resource management

project management

risk management

change management

Interpersonal Skills

communication skills

interviewing, listening and questionnaires

written and oral presentations

working alone and with a team

facilitating groups

managing expectations

Analytical Skills
Sets of Analytical Skills:

System Thinking

Organizational Knowledge

Problem Identifications

Problem Analyzing and Solutions

Organizational Knowledge

How work officially gets done in a particular organization

Understand the organization’s internal politics

Understand the organization’s competitive and regulatory environment

Understand the organization’s strategies and tactics

Types of IS and System development
1. Transaction processing systems
2. Management Information system
3. Decision support system (DSS)
4. Expert systems

System development life cycle


Systems Thinking
1. Identify something as a SYSTEM
2. Translate a specific physical situation into abstract terms
3. Think about the essential characteristics of a specific situation
What is "SYSTEM"?
DEFINITION : "An inter-related set of components with an identifiable boundary working together for some purpose"
Characteristic of a SYSTEM

Components/subsystems

Inter-related components

A boundary

A purpose

An environment

Interfaces

Input

Output

Constraints

Important System Concepts
To guide the design of Information System
Decomposition - Breaking down a system into its components
Modularity - Dividing a system up into chunks or modules of a relatively uniform size
Coupling - The extent to which subsystems depend on each other
Cohesion - The extent to which a system/subsystems performs a single function

Problem Identification
What is "PROBLEM"?
To identify:

compare current situation to the desired situation

Use models which are relied on by the IS users but it depends on organizational areas

see problems from a broader perspective

Problem Analyzing & Solving
Analysis :

find out more about the problem

Formulate alternative solutions to the problems

Phases :

1. Intelligence
2. Design
3. Choice
4. Implementation